The World Bank and Governance: A Decade of Reform and ReactionDiane Stone, Christopher Wright Routledge, 2007 - 276 من الصفحات This timely book offers the first critical examination of World Bank policy reforms and initiatives during the past decade. The World Bank is viewed as one of the most powerful international organizations of our time. The authors critically analyze the influence of the institution’s policy and engagement during the past decade in a variety of issue areas, including human rights, domestic reform, and the environment. The World Bank and Governancedelves into the bowels of the World Bank, exploring its organizational structure, professional culture and bureaucratic procedures, illustrating how these shape its engagement with an increasingly complex, diverse and challenging operational environment. The book includes chapters on two under-researched divisions of the World Bank: the International Finance Corporation and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency. Several illuminating country studies are also included, analyzing the World Bank's activities in Argentina, Bolivia, Lebanon, Hungary and Vietnam. This volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of international relations, development, politics and economics. |
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... Mandatory Public pillar , 2nd Mandatory Private pillar , and 3rd Voluntary Private , as outlined in Table 6.1 . below . The report recommended that all Table 6.1 The three pillars of old age income security Pillar Objective 1st Poverty ...
... Mandatory ; Publicly managed ; Defined benefits or notional defined contributions ; Earning - related benefit Mandatory ; Privately managed ; Defined contributions ; Benefits equal contribution plus returns on investment Voluntary ...
... mandatory while the third pillar is voluntary so that only those who can afford to save more take advantage of the latter in the form of tax conces- sions . Both pillars may be designed in a way so as to provide longevity insurance in ...
المحتوى
PART I | 18 |
the challenge of institutionalizing | 48 |
the evolution | 67 |
حقوق النشر | |
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