Understanding English Grammar: A Linguistic IntroductionCambridge University Press, 2011 - 452 من الصفحات Language is primarily a tool for communication, yet many textbooks still treat English grammar as simply a set of rules and facts to be memorised by rote. This new textbook is made for students who are frustrated with this approach and would like instead to understand grammar and how it works. Why are there two future tenses in English? What are auxiliaries and why are they so confusing? Why are English motion verbs hard to use? Why are determiners so important in English? These and many other frequently asked questions are answered in this handy guide. Student learning is supported with numerous exercises, chapter summaries and suggestions for further reading. An accompanying website offers further resources, including additional classroom exercises and a chance to interact with the author. It is the essential grammar toolkit for students of English language and linguistics and future teachers of English as a Second Language. |
المحتوى
Introduction | 1 |
1 History | 21 |
2 Typology | 36 |
3 The lexicon | 57 |
4 Morphology the shapes of words | 81 |
5 Participant reference | 106 |
6 Actions states and processes | 134 |
7 Basic concepts in English syntax | 160 |
11 Auxiliaries and the black hole of English syntax | 253 |
12 Time and reality | 279 |
13 Voice and valence | 302 |
14 Clause combining | 328 |
15 Pragmatic grounding and pragmatically marked constructions | 358 |
Glossary | 383 |
Endnotes | 403 |
References | 412 |
8 Advanced concepts in English syntax | 186 |
9 Complementation | 205 |
10 Modification | 228 |
421 | |
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عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
action adjectives adverbs AGENT argument structure assertion Chapter clitic clump communication concepts conceptual categories constituent constructions context copular CTPs dative shift dependent clause described determined noun phrases diagram Direct Object discourse stage discussed distinct element English grammar English speakers example express fluffy cat full lexical words genitive gnarly tree grammatical functors grammatical relations hearer identifiable Igbo inchoative Inflection intransitive kimchi lexical categories lexical verbs lexical words lexicon linguistic meaning modal auxiliaries Modern English Modifiers morpheme morphological morphosyntactic notion noun phrases occur participant particular past tense pattern perfect aspect perspective phrasal category phrasal verbs plural pragmatic Predicate prepositional phrases pronouns prototypical quantifiers refer referential relative clause root scene second language semantic roles simply situation sometimes stative stress Subject Complements suffix suppletion syntactic categories syntactic function syntactic Head syntactic properties syntactic structure syntax types typology utterance valence verb phrase Waldo word class