This resolution was signed by Robert C. L. naird, Pall-Mall East; Hon. William Cowper, THE LATE DR. CHALMERS. THE following is an extract from a discourse preached in the Scotch Church, St. Peter's- "The issues of death belong unto the Paul, Esq., Temple Bar; and other respect his purposes perish. Or, perhaps, he removes able and influential names. We trust the hasty and unwise resolution of the Alliance on this subject will be yet rescinded. Why connexion with property in slaveholding countries should be in itself a disqualification for membership of a Christian society, it is not easy to perceive; and if errors in practice as well as in doctrine debar from the Alliance, there are many other sins as proper for selection as tests of membership. We know of several cases of excellent men in this country having property, or trusteeship of property, in slave countries, who are thereby enabled to provide for the moral and religious well-being of many hundreds of their fellow creatures, who would otherwise be left in darkness; and if the charge was given up by them, the persons of these slaves would, by the law of these countries, belong to Government, and their social or spiritual welfare be utterly neglected. a It is a piece of great absurdity, that, while men acknowledged to be of the highest Christian worth and public influence are tabooed from the Alliance for this cause, we are compelled to sit on platforms and meet in committees with men against whom there are charges of dishonourable and discreditable conduct unexplained or unanswered. Is not this straining at a gnat and swallowing camel? We read lately an article in a religious paper, entitled, "Forgery by a clergyman." If that individual, for example, were applying for membership of the Alliance, such a moral misdemeanour ought to keep him out, or to put him out if already a member; and so of any other breach of social and Christian honour, far rather than the mere fact of connexion with property in countries where the system of slavery is not yet extinct. The difficulties attending the position of many of our Christian brethren on question are greater than in our favoured land we can readily enter into. At all events it is not by harsh censure and hasty exclusion that the desired end will be effected. The counsel of Dr. Chalmers was truly wise, when he said, that if the conduct of our Christian brethren were wrong in maintaining any connexion with the system of slavery, there was the more need of their being brought into contact with brethren by whom they might be favourably influenced. the head of a household; the wife is widowed, of thought, a monarch among the sons of intelligence and light; and reflective men 'For whether,' says an old divine, 'whether the gate of my a raging and frantic hewed down by a violent death, or the gate while suggested by several instances of re- "And what are those tidings? Thomas a nearly forty years, to pour such floods of burning and of shining light down into the depths and up along the loftiest pinnacles of society. Others, with competent time, opportunity, and materials at command, will forthwith be addressing themselves to this arduous and equitable task. Suffice it now to say, that the Church at home, with the Church throughout the earth, has lost one of its most industrious servants, one of its ablest and most renowned leaders. 'Know ye not that there is prince and a great man fallen this day in Israel?' For, if massive talents combined with touching simplicity, -if profound attainments with practical uses, if hightoned theology with charity towards all that differ, if breadth of view with precision of detail, if force of reasoning with aptitude of illustration, if imaginative splendour with shrewdness of remark, colouring of language with sobriety of sense, if the beauties of holiness with the meekness of wisdom,and if ardent zeal for the glory of the Supreme with ceaseless benevolence for the welfare of souls, -if these attributes were ever found effectively harmonized in a minister of the Gospel, since the apostles' days, they were found in that man, now lying cold in the grave, who was wont to bear his breathless audiences on through regions of hallowed thought, as in a winged train of chariots of fire. crown. "To human society, also, at large, his life and writings have proved an inestimable boon. He loved the poor. He loved their lowly homes. He loved their temporal interest; and he strove for their immortal weal. The diver, stripped of his attire, goes down into the deep Indian sea, seeking goodly pearls; so he, stripped of every urgent entanglement, went down into the depths of humble life, that he might gather thence jewels to brighten eternally in Emanuel's It was the sacred passion of the man, a passion never quenched or cooled,to lift the lowest in the scale of the community, to surround them with the comforts of which their state is capable, and to invest them with the intelligent dignity which for them God had designed. To the rich, the prosperous, and the powerful, he showed their true vocation-their high calling, casting their natural pride with their acquired prejudices into the dust; du drawing their affectionate attentions, with firm and gentle hand, to the needy and perishing; opening to their view paths of duty with sources of enjoyment, of whose existence they had but rarely dreamed; and so striving to bind in golden links of mutual beneficence and gratitude the dissevered ranks of social and immortal men. His views, clear, bold and broad, of the structure, the interests, and the new exigences of society, broached upwards of thirty years ago, and embalmed for us and for posterity, in a long series of imperishable volumes, are but beginning to have their full effect, are now lending their influence to move the tardy minds and measures of statesmen; and as legislation, with time, advances, they will be held in growing estimation. Though dead, yet to future ages Chalmers will continue to speak. "But time would fail to speak of the public services of the departed; of his value to the Church to which he especially belonged, in whose cause he was so powerful a champion, and of whose interests he was so efficient a friend; or of the worth of the man whose converse in private life and in his family was so lovely, so playful, so instructive, that moments spent in his presence seemed at the genius, and benevolence, has continued, for I time and afterwards to be moments of gold. "Help, Lord, for the godly man ceaseth; for the faithful fail from among the children of men!' While mourning his removal, and while adoring, with submission, the sovereignty of the Most High, who has withdrawn him from a sorrowing family and a lamenting land, by a death of peace into a world of glory and of rest, O, let it be our prayer that the Lord may, in mitigating mercy, raise up others in his room, who, in every goodly and gracious enterprise, shall tread in his steps, and in the steps of the Great Master whom he followed and served." Missionary Entelligence. CORFU. LETTER FROM REV. W. CHARTERIS. OUR girls' school now numbers eleven It would Then I have another very anxious and interesting matter to relate. The Jew whom I have described as so whimsical yet talented, I have employed at the rate of 16s. per month as a teacher in my evening class, which was too much for me to overtake without assistance. He is very competent and still continues to aint do well. Now when he was seen to frequent my house, all the other Jews of my acquaintance began to speak of his baptism by the Catholics at Constantinople, in such a sure way that I began to suspect O-, (that is his name,) had not told me the truth-and therefore, one evening when the class had dismissed, I fell into a confidential conversa He continues to teach with great assiduity, | education, in connexion with this Church. and gives me much assistance. He seems to have a sincere desire to enlighten his poor ignorant brethren, as well as to acquire knowledge for himself. The shoemaker continues frequently to read with me, and his improvement in point of intelligence is very great. I was told that his brothers had offered him a little money as a capital to commence business with, on his own account, provided he would not come to my house; but, although very poor, he had refused. He did not communicate this to me himself, but to O-, who said to him, "What shall it profit a man though he should gain the whole world and lose his own soul." I could have baptized this young man some time ago, but have thought it better to put him to a longer proof. The case is still a doubtful one, and, in the meantime, I will commit it to God, and will just begin with the many others who come to me in the evening as I did with him. I will endeavour to disarm prejudice, to give them a love for the New Testament, -to enlighten their gross ignorance, and, by God's help, there may be many who will turn to the Lord. I have by their request opened up a communication with the brethren of the Free and Irish Presbyterian Missions to the Jews, which promises to be most useful and refreshing. Our correspondence is to be every two months. FREE CHURCH COLONY IN NEW ZEALAND. We invite the careful attention of our readers to the accompanying letter and to the advertisement of the New Zealand Company. The secular advantages of this new settlement we are not able at present to enlarge upon, but they are such as to render it advisable for every intending emigrant to procure the information to be obtained at the offices in Edinburgh or in London, from Dr. Aldcorn and Captain Gargill. The system of colonizing on which this settlement is projected is one which every patriotic and Chris tian man must approve. All the secular advantages of enterprising and independent emigration may be secured without the deprivation as is usual of social and religious benefits enjoyed at home. This was the secret of the success of the first settlers in New England. Even in their exile it could be said of them, that "they sought first the kingdom of God and his righteousness," and we know how largely power and wealth and all other things have been added to them. If colonization again begins with the same spirit of enterprising boldness, united with regard to spiritual advantages, there is little doubt of great and flourishing communities soon rising in these distant lands. tion with him, cautioned him as to the great sin and danger of lying, and then put my question in such a direct way as to leave him no ground to equivocate. He looked very much distressed, after some time's silence he confessed that he had been baptized! in the Catholic institute at Constantinople. He told me that very shortly after his baptism, when at Easter they were carrying round the church the image of St. Peter, he repented of what he had done,-saw that he had become an idolater, and shortly after his brother having written to him to Corfu, he left Constantinople, and came here and rejoined the Jews. This confession perplexed me not a little; I thought at first of dismissing him for having equivocated on a former | Church Assembly when the subject was first occasion, but as he expressed much contrition for having told me an untruth, and also for having become a Catholic, and as I had engaged him for a month, I thought I would continue him till the end of it. He accordingly still teaches in the school, and comes almost every day to read and consult my commentaries. It is a new thing in these days to see a band of emigrants going forth mainly anxious about the ordinances of religion and the means of education being secured among them. We shall watch with intense interest the progress of this CHRISTIAN COLONY. "Nil desperandum Christo duce et auspice Christo." We subjoin the deliverance of the Free brought forward in 1845: "The General Assembly learn with great pleasure the prospect of the speedy establish ment of the Scotch colony of new Edinburgh (now Otago) in New Zealand, consisting of members of the Free Church, and with every security for the colonists being provided with the ordinances of religion, and the means of Without expressing expressing any opinion regarding the secular advantages or prospects ects of the proposed undertaking, the General Assembly highly approve of the principles on which the settlement is proposed to be conducted, in so far as the religious and educational interests of the colonists are concerned; and the Assembly desire to countenance and encourage the Association in these respects." TO THE MEMBERS OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH Otago Rooms, New Zealand House, RESPECTED FRIENDS AND BRETHREN, - That some of your body have emigrated to the British colonies, and are still emigrating, may be assumed tions, and although the numbers are denomina with all other to be noticed at home, it is otherwise in the colonies, where population is scanty and its proportions conspicuous. One effect of the disruption in Scotland has been to rouse the Presbyterian settlers to a sense of their spiritual destitution to raise from them a cry for help, and bring them into communication with the Church of their fathers. "The trumpet," as they have said, gave no uncertain sound," and its vibrations had reached the remotest of their dwellings, where they were fast sinking into a state of indifference and irreligion. But wherever this untoward emigration has prevailed, it is to be farther assumed that persons of more caution and reflection have been deterred by a sense of the privileges which must thereby be abandoned for themselves and their children; and notwithstanding a clear perception of the advantages to be attained, have declined to seek these advantages at the hazard of their better interests. To such parties, and to such alone, we have a brief but important message. It would, no doubt, have reached them in due time, and by other means, but lest a single individual should meanwhile be tempted to emigrate as heretofore, we take the present method of announcing the new arrangements, and the facilities given by Her Majesty's Government for a state of things the very opposite of what we have now referred to. Our leading statesmen, of all parties, having been brought to the conviction that the art of colonizing had been absolutely lost for nearly two hundred years past, -that, with a teeming population, and superabundant capital, seeking vent in foreign countries, to the loss and discomfiture of both, our own colonies, in congenial climates, and of abounding resources, were in such a state of confusion and misrule as to have defeated every attempt to make them available. Canada Com panies and New Zealand Associations hadi equally failed, and none but a few daring spirits, or thoughtless adventurers, had hitherto entered their precincts; or, if any attempt had been made, as in the case of the New Zealand Company, for something like systematic arrangement, it was speedily crushed by the hostile influences and inveterate policy of the Colonial Department. Of all this the fullest admissions were made by the late Government, nor did that Government fail to shew an earnest desire to redeem its pledges by the adoption of comprehensive and sifting reforms-reforms that should go to the root of the whole matter, and make every colony, as expressed by Sir Robert Peel, "an integral part of the British empire." But this was a large question, and required the time and labours of eminent statesmen to adjust its requirements. That result as now been attained by the present Government, and the announcement, of the 14th ultimo, that the future colonization of New and the New Zealand Company, puts the coping Zealand is to be the joint action of Government stone to the previous arrangements of Lord Grey, and breathes life and motion into all his plans. In a word, as the East India Company is constituted in concert with, and under supervision of, the Board of Control, for the purpose of governing a hundred millions of Asiatics, so is the New Zealand Company constituted, by means of a Crown Commissioner, having his seat with its Court of Directors in London, for the purpose of colonizing the waste lands of New Zealand with the British race; and which colonists are to manage their own affairs, and have a share in their own government, by municipal charters, and Representative Assemblies But the most remarkable feature of this great measure, and to which your attention is specially called, is that which regards its provision for religious and educational institutions. Our statesmen were fully alive to the necessity of such provision, for the production of a well-conditioned community, an offshoot, which should be vigorous in itself, and do credit to the parent state. The usual difficulties were in the way, but a case had recently occurred which relieved them from much embarrassment. It went to prove that even with a concentrated body of settlers, the mere provision of funds would not do, because of the varied beliefs of the people, and the frittering away of such funds by subdivision, together with the impossibility of satisfying the adherents of each denomination that they were getting their proper share of a fund to which all had contributed. Attention was thereby called to the history of the "New England" states of America, where the religious element had been effectively cultivated from the outset, and that example was adopted. Class settlements, therefore, is the process by which New Zealand is to be colonized. Each denomination is invited to form its own settlement, and in place of the motley and feeble appliances of mixed communities to say nothing of the wranglings and jealousies inseparable from such a regime-that each shall use its own appliances, with its own people, and in its own way, and that all shall compete with each other in producing the best fruits. The two parties who are first to appear in this competition will be that of a High Church bishop in the north, a man of great personal activity, with large means, and a clerical staff to carry out his behests; and that of a sturdy Presbytery in the far south, with smaller means, but bedded in the affections of the people, and identified as part of themselves. We fear not to enter the lists, not only as to the production of a community which shall do honour to the parent state, but in settling the curious question also, as to whether Greek and mathematics may not, after all, thrive as well under the blue bonnet as under the three-cornered cap of an Episcopal student. How far the present measure may operate as a cure for existing evils may be doubtful, but assuredly it will now be the fault-we might add, the sin-of any individual who should hereafter emigrate either to Canada or New Zealand without previous concert and arrangement, so as to know that he is joining himself to a community secured in all needful privileges-religious, social, political, and educational; and where, moreover, would be superadded, by the very fact of such concentration, all the elements of economy and success arising from division of labour. But we are farther persuaded, with respect to the present settlers, scattered as it were in detached units over vast spaces in Canada and Australia, that unless they do something for themselves in the way of concentration, something that will bring -all the galloping deputations from the Church of Scotland and the Church Established will be but labour in vain. If the disruption has awakened many to a sense of their Lot-like choice, it has also increased the difficulty of helping them, by dividing that which was already too small for the space in which it had to be sought for. within reach of ordinances at given points, W. CARGILL. POPISH POLYTHEISM. One day two processions of the host, or consecrated bread, issued at the same moment from churches on the opposite sides of the street, as a man of some weight by his station and learning, hated by the Catholics as an obstinate and able leader of the Huguenots, came by. The fearless Reformer kept his upright position, with his hat on his head. The leader of one of the processions, a violent and persecuting priest, approached him fiercely, and said, "Impious man, why dost thou not fall down and worship thy Creator, the God whom we carry?" The Huguenot looked for a moment at the priest, and at the two processions, and then deliberately inquired, "Which of the two?" The priest was utterly confounded by this unexpected question, rejoined his procession without replying, and continued his way. ABOVE THE FEAR OF MAN. - When the Empress Eudoxa, an Arian, sent a threatening message to Chrysostom, he said, "Go tell her, I fear nothing but sin." Poetry. LINES ON THE DEATH OF DR. CHALMERS. Not a sound was heard, save the murmur of grief, No pains distracted his aged frame, Nor feelings of sickness or sorrow, While he sank to his rest with his thoughts engaged With the useful deeds of the morrow. The morning came, but the angel of death With his emblems of warfare around him. The good fight of faith he had fought upon earth, He had finished his course 'mid the troubles below, No bloodshed followed his peaceful course, His footsteps were strewed with blessings of peace, Though statesmen viewed coldly his schemes to reclaim With the kindness of Howard and boldness of Knox, Sadly they'll grieve who rejected his plans, THE EVANGELICAL ALLIANCE. A. THE aggregate Committee of the British Organization met at Edinburgh, June 10, in the Music Hall, George-street. The Rev. Edward Bickersteth, Rector of Wotton, presided at the first meeting, and conducted the devo tional exercises. Sir Culling Eardley Eardley, Bart., was appointed Chairman of the Confer "That the Report of the North-western Divisional Committee on the Lord's-day be referred back to that Committee to prosecute the investigations suggested in that Report; that this Conference cannot thus remit the subject to that Committee, without expressing with one heart and voice their strong sense of duty devolving on all Christian people to set their face against the desecration of the Lord's-day, believing, as we all do, that the observance of that day is of Divine institution and of permanent obligation." At the request of the Committee, The Rev. Dr. CANDLISH addressed the Conference at the conclusion of its labours. He rose under no wish, as he had come without any intention, of addressing the House, of cept for the purpose f simply expressing his concurrence in the Resolutions they had passed. Having been unhappily absent from the former meetings of the Alliance, and also much absent on this occasion, so that at the meetings both in Manchester and Edinburgh he had been a mere spectator, he could only say that he had seen nothing that had not more and more incited his hope that, with the Divine blessing, their endeavours would terminate in good. He rejoiced the more in the establishment of the Alliance, because it held out the prospect of united action. He did not suggest to them any line of action as an Alliance. They should be quite prepared to wait, and to wait long. Their time would be more at their disposal hereafter to engage in the devotional exercises, which constituted the main business of an Alliance like theirs. But they could be casting an Evangelical eye from the one end of the world to the other. He was glad to find in one of their Resolutions three great subjects appointed to be ence. The Rev. Drs. Bunting, Wardlaw, treated in such a manner as tended not only Steane, Raffles, Candlish, Brown, Cunning- to the maintenance of the Evangelical Alliham, Symington, Grey, the Rev. Messrs. James, Haldane Stewart, Guthrie, Jordan, Drummond, and many other leading men in were the different Evangelical Churches present. The devotional exercises were conducted by various ministers each day. The Conference held its last meeting on Saturday evening, June 12, in the Hopeton Rooms, Queen-street. The following were the principal points of business transacted as to the constitution of the British Branch of the Alliance: The laws relating to admission of members to include females. Reporters may be present at meetings. The meetings to be called Conferences, these to be annual; the time and place to be fixed by the previous Annual Conference, or by the Executive Council. Special meetings of Conference, for purposes specified, may be called by the Executive Council, or at the requisition of 100 members of divisional Committees. The Executive Council, appointed by the Annual Conference, to administer the affairs of the organization till the next Annual Conference. The Council to consist of seventy persons, twenty-two nominated by the Southern Divisional Committee, and fortyeight by the other sections of the organization. The Council to meet every six months, besides holding meetings at the time of the Conference. Sir C. E. Eardley was appointed Convener of the Council. Various Resolutions were adopted regulating the admission of members, the adminis tration of funds, and other matters. A long discussion took place at a subsequent meeting on the subject of the observance of the Lord's-day. The following Resolution was finally come to: ance, but to sustain the truth of the living God. From the outset he had contemplated, as one of the most blessed results of the Alliance, not so much what they might be doing collectively, as their talking over what they might have been doing separately. He trusted that missionary topics pics would thus come to occupy a large space with them both with respect to Missions at home and abroad; and that they would meet and compare notes on missionary subjects, all in their several spheres, whether as Churches or as voluntary bodies. They could not as an Alliance take up Missions whether at home or abroad. Were they to take up any such, they would instantly be divided. But they might put a very great stimulus into missionary operations throughout the world, and even compare the work that was doing in this or in that part of the vineyard. The influence of the Alliance was thus indirect; but it was likely to be great, were they to cast their eye over all heathendom, and popedom too, and see what was doing-consider what they should exhort one another still to do-and encourage one another in the work of the Lord. If there was one subject more than another which he hoped would occupy the attention of the Alliance in time to come, it was the peculiar position of Missions in various parts of the world-the state of the various missionary stations-the chastisements and disasters that had befallen them, such as those at Tahiti and Madagascar, overflowing with blood and desolation. In various parts of the field, where the most promising blossoms had been blighted, he thought the Alliance could do good by sympathizing with them that suffered. They were but making an experiment, and this was untried ground. Shame upon the Christian : Church, that it should at this time of day be untried ground. But they had no precedent before them in whose footsteps they could tread, in taking this survey of missionary labour; their endeavours must be tentativethey were on a voyage of discovery-they had no chart to guide them: but, blessed be God, they had a compass in his own holy Word. This should, therefore, be his answer to those who cried for work-work-work. He rejoiced in work-but certainly they were met as an Alliance to see how far, as Christian brethren, they could consult and act together, and then to see what could be done for the promotion of their large work, and there might be a policy in delay. Upon these grounds they might wait for years, taking up topic after topic, as God might place these before them. RELIGION IN CHINA. THE chief religion of the Chinese is the worship of ancestors, which annually costs four hundred million dollars, or each subject 1 1-10 cent per day. Every religious act costs the worshipper something. This religion is interwoven into some of the strongest principles of our nature. It is easy for those who are ignorant of the Bible, to believe that the spirit of parents they have loved and respected on earth are proper objects of worship. It is this form of the Chinese religion that affords the greatest obstacle to the progress of the gospel. Besides the spirits of their ancestors, the Chinese worship innumerable other deities. Another form of the religion of the Chinese is a species of transcendental rationalism, of which a speci men follows:-The venerable Prince Yara arose prior to the great original standing, at the commencement of the mighty wonderful, and floating in the ocean of deep obscurity, He is spontaneous and self-existing, produced before the beginning of emptiness, commencing prior to uncaused existence, pervading all heavens and earth, whose beginning and end no years can circumscribe; who by searching can find out the Almighty to perfection? The Chinese have never deified vice. In this respect they are different from other heathen nations. They have never gone to such a length in their penances as the inhabitants of India, nor have they ever had human sacrifices. The Roman Catholics have had missionaries in China for two centuries. At the present time The anxiety of the Independent Relators to prove that they are Presbyterians, affords strong evidence of their conviction that Presbyterians alone are entitled to the management of Lady Hewley's charities. Dr. J. Pye Smith maketh oath and saith,-"That the term Presbyterian is, in a fair, just, and honourable sense, and, in accor dance with its proper signification, capable of being applied to the generality of English Congregationalists." This assertion is refuted by the affidavits of gentlemen of as long standing, and of as high respectability as Dr. J. Pye Smith, by the Rev. James Peddie, D.D., one of the oldest and most respectable ministers in Edinburgh, and by the Rev. Dr. John Brown, of Broughtonplace, Edinburgh. These gentlemen deponed in affidavits accompanying deponents' counterstatement of July 1, that they have studied the controversy between the Presbyterians and the Independents, and that in their judgment the term Presbyterian cannot, in any fair, just, and honourable sense, be applied to any class of Independents. Affidavits to the same purpose have been presented by other ministers of high standing and character. Indeed, the absurdity of such a statement from Dr. Smith, is exposed by his own words, addressed to Unitarians, which may with equal propriety be applied to Independents: "Do they constitute ruling elders in each congregation, to act in conjunction with their pastors, for judging of the qualification of communicants and other acts of discipline? Have they Courts of Review? Have they Classical, Provincial, and Synodical Assemblies? How can they, upon principles of truth and fairness, call themselves by an appellation which has not the semblance of propriety?" -Dr. Pye Smith's letter to the Editor of the "Monthly Repository," as cited in Mr. Hadfield's pamphlet, p. 32. Deponents will now produce evidence from the writings of Independents themselves, when they had no view to Presbyterian property, that they acknowledge themselves to be of a different family from Presbyterians, and that they state themselves to be in violent opposition to Presbyterianism, however orthodox its professors may be, and to this point deponents beg the particular attention of the Court. of Nottingham, and author of the third series of Congregational Lectures," says (page 4), "We infer that this institution (the institution of Independent Churches) cannot be neglected or altered without great danger, for, as Christ hath ordered that we shall observe whatsoever he hath commanded, so to attempt amendment of what he has left as complete is presumption, and to refuse obedience is rebellion, no less in this than in other manifestations of his will." Here, one of the most eminent of the Independents, who was chosen, next to Dr. Wardlaw of Glasgow, and Professsor Vaughan, as fit to support the credit of the Independent body in the "Congregational Lectures," solemnly affirms, "that to refuse obedience to the Independent form of Church Government, is rebellion against God." In the Westminster form of Church Government, under the head of classical assemblies, it is stated, "that it is agreeable to the Word of God that there be a subordination of Congregational, Classical, Provincial, and National Assemblies, for the government of the Church." This is the orthodox Presbyterian doctrine as contra-distinguished from Independency. But, in direct opposition to this doctrine, Mr. Joseph Gilbert, at the fifth page of said pamphlet, says, "Conventions of pastors or presbyters (of which all orthodox Presbyterians approve), have no claims to be denominated a Church of Christ." In a paper in the "Congregational Magazine" for July, 1835, ascribed by the Editor to Dr. Redford, of Worcester, and intituled "Pastoral Counsels to Congregational Churches," the writer says, "Every member (of an Independent Church) should know why he is an Independent; and should be so because he cannot conscientiously and scripturally be anything else." From these extracts, which might be multiplied to an indefinite extent, it is manifest that except in certain affidavits of Independent Relators, no Independent of the present day has ventured to promulgate his belief that "the differences between the Presbyterians and Independents are trifling." On the contrary, these deponents have shown that the language elsewhere used by the most eminent of the Independent party, virtually excommunicates all Presbyterians, however orthodox their creed, and that it has actually dared to denounce all such Presbyterians as rebels against the law of Christ. Yet when Presbyterian property presents a temptation to Independents, some of those very men, whose published works abound in anathemas against even the most orthodox Presbyterianism, can overlook "the rebellion against Christ," can represent the difference as trif trifling, and even assume the name of "Presbyterian. Can it for a moment be supposed that Lady Hewley, who was a Presbyterian, would leave her property to a sect, the heads of which displayed such virulent hostility to Dr. Daniel Williams and the principal leaders of the Presbyterians, towards the close of her Ladyship's life? Or can it be supposed that Lady Hewley would have cherished and encouraged the violence of the modern race of Independents who hesitate not to denounce Presbyterianism as rebellion against the law of if they act consistently, must Christ, and who, they have eight Bishops, fifty seven foreign priests, one hundred and four native priests, two hundred and fifty schools, two colleges, and three hundred thousand adherents. They have not given the Bible to the Chinese, nor made any efforts to diffuse it. The Protestants are confined to five posts. In 1840 their work really commenced; what was done before that was only preparatory. There is a hospital at each post, where the sick are cured and taught the Bible. The whole Bible has been translated into Chinese. Other religious books and some tracts have been printed in Chinese. Five or six thousand hear the gospel preached in their own language. THE greater part of mankind think that heaven is at the next door, and that Christianity is an easy task; but they will find they have been deceived. I beseech you, make sure work of salvation; I have found by experience, that all I could do was little enough in the day of trial; therefore, lay up a sure foundation for the time to come. - Rutherford. 1 In the "Congregational Magazine" for April, 1835, pp. 247, 248, Dr. J. Pye Smith is represented as having stated, "that the Churches described in the New Testament were Congregational and Independent; that the modern Churches usually called Congregational or Independent, are constituted, governed, and directed in a faithful conformity to the principles and rules of the New Testament; that the will of Christ, notified in the New Testament, authorizes only two orders of ministers in the organization of Churches, the one, that of pastors, called also presbyters as a name of respect, and bishops as a title of office; the other, that of deacons, which is a lay office appointed for the due administration of the temporal affairs of a Church." From these sentences it is evident that Dr. Smith regards the Independent form of Church Government as binding upon Christians Jure Divino, and that he cannot conscientiously receive the Presbyterian form of Church Government, agreed upon Assembly of Divines at Westminster, and approved by the Presbyterian ministers of Lady Hewley's time. * The Affidavits of these gentlemen are given in pages 113 and 114, of the Third Act. oppose, and endeavour to destroy, that very form of Church Government which Lady Hewley, from her long-continued connexion with the ejected ministers of the Presbyterian Establishment, regarded and valued as most agreeable to the God, and as best calculated to promote the kingdom of God among men? The supposition is absurd. IV. They who assume the title of Independents or Congregationalists in the present day are a modern race, and not the successors or representatives of the Independents of Lady Hewley's time. It is only within the last fifty years that they have become numerous, and it was not till the year 1833, that they were united into one body, under the title of "the Congregational Union of England and Wales. They differ essentially from those called Independents or Congregationalists, at the end of the seventeenth, and the beginning of the eighteenth century, both with regard to doctrine discipline. With regard to doctrine, the Independents of 1691, acknowledged the Westminster Confession (in its doctrinal articles), and the Savoy Confession, as the basis of their short-lived union with the London Presbyterian ministers. The Savoy Confession was drawn up in 1658, by Dr. Owen and other Independent ministers, and states the doctrine of the Trinity of Persons in one Godhead, in as precise, full, and decided a manner as the Westminster Confession. The old Independents were as little disposed to compromise the fundamental doctrines of the Trinity and the Divinity of Christ, as the old Presbyterians were. Owen and Bradbury, the heads of the old Independents during the latter half of the seventeenth and the beginning of the eighteenth century, would have rejected with indignation the trimming Declaration of 1833, and would not have held communion with the framers of it. With regard to discipline and church order, the Independents of Lady Hewley's time were subscriptionists. In 1719, they were the persons who voted for subscription to the doctrine of the Trinity of Persons in one essence. They refused to be satisfied with a general profession of making the Bible their creed. They insisted upon the imposition of a human standard, explanatory of the sense in which they understood the doctrine of the Scriptures upon the important subject of the Holy Trinity. (See Calamy's "Life and Times" for the year 1719.) Drs. Bogue and Bennett also state, that the Independents of 1719, did actually "subscribe those definitions of the doctrine which were held in veneration, both by Dissenters and by the members of the Established Church." (Vol. iii. p. 240.) But in the seventh preliminary note to the Declaration of 1833, they modern times, have adopted the name of Independents, declare " their jealousy of subscription to creeds and articles, and their disapproval of the imposition of any human standard, whether of faith or discipline." Surely these men cannot pretend to be the representatives of the Meads and the Bradburys at the commencement of the eighteenth century. Bradbury and his Independent brethren would never have thought of calling themselves Presbyterians, much less of seizing Presbyterian property; and they would not have committed their own Independent endowments to the degenerate framers and approvers of the Declara tion of 1833. These four arguments that the body to which the Independent Relators belong, is not free from the taint of heresy-that it has no public authorized creed-that it is not Presbyterian-and that it is not even the successor of the old Independent body, these four arguments appear to place insuperable barriers in the way of the Relators to the possession of Lady Hewley's property. At the commencement of this litigation in February last, (1836,) these deponents were disposed to view the Independent Relators in a favourable light; but, from the subsequent conduct of the Relators, and from numerous facts which have transpired since the investigation began, these deponents are now satisfied that the Relators have no right whatever in law or equity to the trust of Lady Hewley's Charities; and, not only so, but that, if this trust be committed to the Relators, or to any persons of the Independent connexion, these deponents are convinced that the purposes of the benevolent foundress will be entirely and completely defeated. For these reasons, deponents earnestly implore the Court, that Lady Hewley's valuable property may not be intrusted to the care of Independents, who, if they act conscientiously, must withhold the benefit of it from all orthodox Presbyterians, for whose benefit it was principally if not entirely designed; and confine the benefit of it to modern degenerate Independents, for whom it never was designed. Advertisements. FURNISHED LODGINGS. TOFIRST FLOOR, NO BE LET, a comfortably Furnished in the immediate neighbourhood of River Terrace, Islington, in the house of a Presbyterian Family, where no other Lodgers are kept. Apply, by letter (pre-paid), to X.X., 16, Exeter Hall, Strand, London. GREAT CORAM-STREET, BRUNSWICK- MISS RICHARDS begs to inform her friends, that, for the convenience of parents who send their sons to the University, she intends to arrange the vacations in her establishment to correspond with those of that public seminary; they will therefore commence August 1, and terminate September 30. References kindly permitted to Rev. J. H. Evans, Hampstead; and Rev. J. Hamilton, Lansdowne place, Brunswick-square. LIST OF DIRECTORS OF THE NEW ZEALAND Henry Aglionby Aglionby, Esq., M.P. William Hutt, Esq., M.P. The Right Hon. Lord Petre. William Thompson, Esq., Alderman, M.P. FREE CHURCH COLONY AT OTAGO, IN NEW ZEALAND. THE Lay Association for promoting this Colony give notice that information may be had on application to their Secretary, Dr. ALDCORN (of Oban), at this Office, or to Captain CARGILL, New Zealand House, London, at both which places the pamphlets of the Association may likewise be obtained. The Commercial Bank of Scotland and its agents will receive deposits from parties producing authority to purchase, and give receipts accordingly. The owners of these receipts will thereby be entitled to act as members of the Association, in conformity with the third and fourth paragraphs of the New Zealand Company's advertisement. The completion of the first party of Settlers is to be based upon the sale of a certain number of properties. The date of embarkation, together with that of payment in full of the purchasemoney, and the ballot for priority of choice of the lands (both of which last must precede the embarkation) will be fixed by a Meeting of the Association convened for the purpose, and of which notice will be given to the depositors. No arrangements will be made as to the selec tion of families for free passages until the list of depositors shall have indicated the proportion of labour, in each kind, which the purchasers, on their arrival, will require. The following parties are empowered by the Association to give authority to purchase : Major-General Robert M'Douall, C.B., Parkhouse, Stranraer. A. M'Douall, Esq., Provost of Stranraer. J. B. M'Combie, of Gillybrands, Esq., Aberdeen, Captain J. G. Hay, R.N., C.B., of Fairley, county Archibald Gardner, Esq., of Nethercommon, of Renfrew. Paisley. Archibald Burns, Esq., Banker, Perth. Bailie Adam Hunter, Ayr. Bailie Andrew Willianson, Ayr. James Wilson, Esq., Banker, Inverness. A. ALDCORN, Secretary. Printed by ALEXANDER MACINTOSH, of No. 20, Great New street, Fetter-lane, London, and published by J MACINTOSH, of No. 47, Church-road, De Beas square, in the parish of Hackney, at the Office, No. Exeter Hall, Strand, London.- Thursday, July 1,16 Sold by HAMILTON, ADAMS, and Co., Paternoster-r and JAMES NISBET and Co., 21, Berners-street PRICE-PER ANNUM, Stamped (to go post-free).... Four Shillings. Unstamped .... .. Three Shilling Advertisements received not later than the 20th of ears month. |