Power, Rights and Poverty: Concepts and ConnectionsRuth Alsop World Bank Publications, 01/01/2005 - 157 من الصفحات While the terms "power" and "rights" are increasingly incorporated into the language of development agencies they have yet to fully permeate the practice of poverty reduction. Acknowledging that this partly results from a lack of clarity over the concepts of power and rights and partly from questions of how to operationalize these ideas, the World Bank and the UK Department for International Development co-sponsored a series of short papers for focusing on enhancing understanding of the relationships between power, rights, and poverty reductions. Following discussion during a two day working meeting, this publication brings together the edited papers, along with a selection of supplementary materials. A first series of papers addresses competing definitions and conceptual issues around power and rights, illustrating these with experiences observing and applying the concepts in practice in different countries. Following this, papers address topics aimed at helping development practitioners to apply these concepts to their work. Part II contains the supplemental materials, including a summary of the major theoretical conceptualizations of power, and an overview of the literature on power and rights. Prepared by leading thinkers on the topics of power and rights these materials offer both development professionals and students of development studies succinct summaries of the relationship between theory and practice. |
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عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
accountability achieve action activities actors actually agencies agenda analysis analytic argues assets associations authority Bank’s capacity capital challenge choice civil society claims collective concepts context councils countries created debate decision defined definition DFID different discussion Domain economic effective empowered empowerment example exercise existing formal framework freedom groups household human rights idea implementation important indicators individual influence institutions interests involves issues justice knowledge labor limited London means measuring Number operational opportunity organizations outcomes participation people’s Percentage person points political poor position poverty reduction power relations practice presented Press pro-poor problem processes productive programs projects provides reform regional relationship Report requires responses rights-based approaches rules rural Score seek social sources strategies structures suggested theory transparency understanding University women World Bank
مقاطع مشهورة
الصفحة 37 - The Bank and its officers shall not interfere in the political affairs of any member; nor shall they be influenced in their decisions by the political character of the member or members concerned. Only economic considerations shall be relevant to their decisions, and these considerations shall be weighed impartially in order to achieve the purposes stated in Article I.
الصفحة 36 - Declaration on the Right to Development: Article I I. The right to development is an inalienable human right by virtue of which every human person and all peoples are entided to participate in, contribute to and enjoy economic, social, cultural and political development, in which all human rights and fundamental freedoms can be fully realized.
الصفحة 139 - A exercises power over B when A affects B in a manner contrary to B's interests.12 There are, however, alternative (no less contestable) ways of conceptualising power, involving alternative criteria of significance. Let us look at two of them. Consider, first, the concept of power elaborated by Talcott Parsons [26, 21, 28, 29].
الصفحة 42 - By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers...
الصفحة 31 - ... friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and selfdetermination of peoples", and to the achievement of "international cooperation in solving international problems", together with the promotion and encouragement of "respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all".
الصفحة 142 - Giddens argues that the analysis of power entails uncovering the subtle mix of what actors do (and refrain from doing), what they achieve (and fail to achieve), and what they might have done (but did not do).
الصفحة 38 - Empowerment is the expansion of assets and capabilities of poor people to participate in, negotiate with, influence, control, and hold accountable institutions that affect their lives.
الصفحة 138 - A has power over B to the extent that A can get B to do something that B would not otherwise do.
الصفحة 35 - if human development focuses on the enhancement of the capabilities and freedoms that the members of a community enjoy, human rights represent the claims that individuals have on the conduct of individual and collective agents and on the design of social arrangements to facilitate or secure these capabilities and freedoms
الصفحة 37 - We will spare no effort to free our fellow men, women and children from the abject and dehumanizing conditions of extreme poverty, to which more than a billion of them are currently subjected. We are committed to making the right to development a reality for everyone and to freeing the entire human race from want.