The Department continues to demonstrate leadership by volunteering to participate in regional water quality and other environmental programs, such as the Chesapeake Bay restoration effort. This approach emphasizes greater cooperation between states and the Department and focuses discussions on real environmental issues.

POLLUTION PREVENTION

DoD is acknowledged as a leader in pollution prevention, both throughout the federal government and in private industry. The Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 establishes a hierarchy of environmental initiatives starting with source reduction, moving to recycling, then to treatment, and finally to disposal. The Department's source reduction efforts are significant and involve changing the weapon system acquisition process, process improvement/modification, material substitution, and improved material management. These efforts have the combined effect of reducing pollution, improving worker protection, reducing long-term liability, providing more efficient use of natural resources, and importantly, saving money.

Hazardous waste disposal is a prime example of our successful pollution prevention efforts. The Department has a goal of 50 percent reduction of hazardous waste disposal between 1987 and 1992. The Military Services and the Defense Logistics Agency have achieved a 40 percent reduction through 1990 and DoD fully expects to meet the full 50 percent reduction on schedule.

The Department is now shifting its emphasis towards the beginning of the system by focusing on acquisition. A particularly significant advance has been made with the publication of a revised acquisition directive, which integrates system safety, health hazards, human factors engineering, and pollution prevention at the very start of the acquisition process. The goal is to ensure that environmental and safety factors for the entire life of the weapon system are considered while it is being developed. We are identifying hazardous materials that should be avoided and developing a life-cycle cost model.

The Department has begun the lengthy process of reviewing military specifications and standards to eliminate or reduce the use of hazardous materials or other substances, such as plastics and ozone depleters. This is a time consuming process because the numerous uses of each military specification must be evaluated, as well as the impact of the proposed substitute on each weapon system. However, the end result is worth the effort because it will not only improve the environment, but will also improve human health and lessen environmental impacts on our suppliers.

LAND MANAGEMENT AND NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES PROGRAMS

The Department of Defense, steward of nearly 25 million acres of public land, faces a challenging task to conserve and restore the land, air and water entrusted to it. The Military Services have long taken the initiative on land maintenance programs and management of fish and wildlife. This early commitment to environmental protection and conservation has resulted in well-defined, formalized and integrated natural and cultural resources programs.

DOD

DOD's integrated natural resources management program includes land, forest, and fish and wildlife components. lands are managed to support military activities, improve the quality of land and water resources, protect wetlands and floodplains, abate non-point sources of water pollution, conserve lands suitable for agriculture, and control erosion. Our installation natural resources management plans include current inventories and conditions of natural resources; goals and priorities; management methods; and land use restrictions, limitations and capabilities.

Forest management is a cornerstone of the DoD natural resources program. Nearly 200 defense installations manage some 2.3 million acres of forested lands. These lands provide wildlife habitat, outdoor recreation opportunities, commercial harvesting, and military training and buffer zones.

DOD's commercial forestry program generates more than $12 million in revenues each year. Commercial forestry plans are carefully coordinated with military training managers to ensure their compatibility. For example, specific tree stands or other areas can be declared off limits to military exercises by identifying them during an exercise with an operational designation; e.g., biological contamination area or minefield. In this way, our military mission and good environmental practices are harmonized.

DoD shares 40 percent of its forestry profits with host states, who use the money for schools and roads. The other 60 percent of profits are allocated for forestry or natural resources management in DOD.

Intensive programs for managing nonforested areas date back to the 1940's. Massive programs were undertaken at that time to bring erosion under control at installations affected by construction or training activities. Today, DoD installations have land management programs which have expanded to support multiple uses of the land.

Heavier and faster mechanized vehicles, and enhanced combat readiness through combined exercises have increased the need for realistic training areas. Because damaged lands cannot provide this realism, erosion control remains the top land management

priority on many installations.

The Army's Integrated Training

Area Management (ITAM) Program, a comprehensive program to address land management problems and enhance training realism, is at the forefront of DoD's efforts. This program helps mitigate land management problems by:

O land condition-trend monitoring to determine training capabilities and resource trends;

O environmental awareness training for officers and soldiers;

use; and

integration of mission requirements with the optimum land

state-of-the-art land rehabilitation and erosion control

technologies.

Since 1960, the Sikes Act has authorized DoD to develop and -conserve fish and wildlife on military reservations in cooperation with the Secretary of the Interior and the states. Cooperative plans developed under the Act are consistent with . overall management plans for the lands involved and the military mission, and help DoD implement a coordinated program to carry out its stewardship responsibilities.

Because DoD's missions often require large areas of undisturbed land as buffer zones, many rare species and habitats can be found. For example, Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, the last relatively undisturbed area on the Southern California coast, is jusc one example of how DoD's lands have served as refuges from urban development. It has become a sanctuary for several rare and endangered species. Through careful land management the base can also be used for amphibious force exercises; helicopter, artillery, and bombing practice; and other essential military training operations..

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DoD is working with the Fish and Wildlife Service in support of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan a joint venture to reverse the declining population of waterfowl in North America. Military bases in or near critical habitats have been evaluated for their potential to benefit waterfowl, and improvements recommended by the Service are being made.

DOD also works hard to meet our responsibilities to preserve cultural resources. DOD manages approximately 15,000 historic buildings and over 200,000 archaeological sites that meet the criteria of the National Register of Historic Places. These include individual buildings, structures, and sites, as well as historic districts, such as the Wright Brothers Flight Test Facility at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio; the U.S. Military Academy and the U.S. Naval Academy; and the Mokapu

burial grounds containing over 1,000 prehistoric burial sites on the Marine Corps Air Station at Kaneohe Bay, Oahu Hawaii.

DOD's cultural resource program has been evolving since the early 1970s to achieve four goals: to preserve places associated with the history of the military and of America; to integrate historic and archaeological resources management with the long-term management of installations; to meet high professional standards of historic preservation; and to educate the public about the historic and archaeological resources on military lands. The Defense Department is proud of its significant contributions to the history of this nation and the world and strives to protect these assets for future generations.

Mr. Chairman, I want to turn now to our budget picture.

ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGETS

From a budget perspective, DoD's total budget authority will - decline, in real terms, an average 4 percent per year from FY 1993 through FY 1997. The cumulative real decline in DoD's budget authority since FY. 1985 will total 37 percent. Defense outlays as a share of the U.S. Gross National Product are expected to fall to 3.4 percent in FY 1997, well below any time since before World War II. This overview of the President's total Defense budget is in stark contrast, however, to both recent and planned investments President Bush has made in DoD's environmental programs.

While the overall DoD budget has been declining, the President has almost tripled annual DoD environmental investments from $1.4 billion to $3.8 billion in the 3 years ending with the FY 1993 amended budget. At that time, the environmental share of the total DoD budget is planned to reach over 1.4 percent for FY 1993.

If the FY 1992 supplemental and the FY 1993 amended budget request is enacted, the Bush administration will have invested $10.5 billion in the environment since the beginning of FY 1990. This investment covers both cleanup and ongoing operational activities to comply with regulatory standards, pollution prevention, and stewardship of natural and cultural resources.

In FY 1993, the Department proposes to invest $3.8 billion in environmental activities, an increase of over $900 million (or more than 30 percent) over the FY 1992 base level. Further, this step up in activity will be enhanced by the FY 1992 Supplemental Request, under which the President has requested over $1.0 billion in additional funding for environmental compliance and cleanups at DoD installations. In short, these increased resources, at a time of diminishing Defense budgets, demonstrate the commitment of the President and the Secretary of Defense to

meet and exceed environmental standards and be true stewards of the natural and cultural resources entrusted to the Department.

The FY 1992 supplemental request provides funds for accelerating DoD environmental cleanup and compliance activities. The current funding levels will ensure our compliance with all applicable laws, provide for needed investments in pollution prevention activities, and support our high priority cleanup efforts at non-closing bases. The Department is requesting supplemental funds in these areas, however, to accelerate these programs and avoid future environmental problems. In addition, a significant portion of the supplemental funds being requested are earmarked for cleanup at bases scheduled for closure to facilitate the transfer of usable lands to local communities as mandated by Congress. Supplemental funds must be provided in this case as the FY 1992 Defense Appropriations Act did not appropriate any funds for the Base Closure Account (BCA), Part II. The FY 1992 Defense Authorization Act, however, established this account as the exclusive source of funds for environmental cleanup at affected closing bases. The Department will now - discuss each element of the supplemental request--restoration, compliance, and base closure-- in greater detail.

Environmental Restoration FY 1992 Supplemental Request. The FY 1992 Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP) is currently funded at $1,183.9 million, as appropriated in the FY 1992 Defense Appropriation Act. In complying with an apparent Congressional intent to transfer $69 million of these funds to the FY 1992 BCA, Part II, actual funding available for the FY 1992 DERP is reduced to $1,114.9 million. This amount represents a $69 million. shortfall below the level of funding requested in the President's Budget submitted to the Congress in January 1991 for cleanup of non-closing bases in FY 1992.

The supplemental request will fund this $69 million shortfall along with an additional $378.5 million to accelerate cleanup projects at non-closing bases. Examples are a $20.0 million Remedial Action Project at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Colorado, for chemical process related activities, and numerous unfunded projects totaling $38.9 million at Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma. These projects include actual cleanup work for five landfill caps to prevent future contamination by rainwater runoff and leachate and a groundwater treatment system at the base industrial waste treatment plant. The groundwater treatment system is a good investment for immediate execution as the site potentially affects the downgradient NPL plume on the base.

Of

Virtually all supplemental funding for the DERP is planned for expenditure in the Installation Restoration Program to investigate and cleanup contamination at DoD installations. work funded by the supplemental, the breakdown by work category is as follows: Actual cleanup activities - 55.3%; remedial studies and investigations 40.5%; and related to emergent requirements 4.2%.

As you can see, this supplemental will help