The End of the Bronze Age: Changes in Warfare and the Catastrophe ca. 1200 B.C. - Third EditionPrinceton University Press, 31/03/2020 - 264 من الصفحات The Bronze Age came to a close early in the twelfth century b.c. with one of the worst calamities in history: over a period of several decades, destruction descended upon key cities throughout the Eastern Mediterranean, bringing to an end the Levantine, Hittite, Trojan, and Mycenaean kingdoms and plunging some lands into a dark age that would last more than four hundred years. In his attempt to account for this destruction, Robert Drews rejects the traditional explanations and proposes a military one instead. |
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الصفحة 4
... argued that this inscription was cut for Merneptah's mortuary temple, that Ramesses III appropriated it for his own temple at Medinet Habu, and therefore that the events described in it occurred in the eighth year of Merneptah (1205 ...
... argued that this inscription was cut for Merneptah's mortuary temple, that Ramesses III appropriated it for his own temple at Medinet Habu, and therefore that the events described in it occurred in the eighth year of Merneptah (1205 ...
الصفحة 5
... arguments see Paul Aström, ed., High, Middle, or Low? Acts of an International Colloquium on Absolute Chronology Held at the University of Gothenburg 20th-22d August 1987 (Göteborg, 1987). * K. A. Kitchen, Pharaoh Triumphant: The Life ...
... arguments see Paul Aström, ed., High, Middle, or Low? Acts of an International Colloquium on Absolute Chronology Held at the University of Gothenburg 20th-22d August 1987 (Göteborg, 1987). * K. A. Kitchen, Pharaoh Triumphant: The Life ...
الصفحة 10
... argument that Troy VI was destroyed in the middle and Troy VIIa toward the end of the IIIB period is still widely ... arguments, see Michael Wood, In Search of the Trojan War (New York, 1985), 224; and D. Easton, “Has the Trojan War Been ...
... argument that Troy VI was destroyed in the middle and Troy VIIa toward the end of the IIIB period is still widely ... arguments, see Michael Wood, In Search of the Trojan War (New York, 1985), 224; and D. Easton, “Has the Trojan War Been ...
الصفحة 15
... argument, the soldiers or squatters were there in the reign of Ramesses III, but the destruction of the city (and the last importation of LH IIIB pottery) had occurred before Ramesses' accession. The important centers along the Via ...
... argument, the soldiers or squatters were there in the reign of Ramesses III, but the destruction of the city (and the last importation of LH IIIB pottery) had occurred before Ramesses' accession. The important centers along the Via ...
الصفحة 19
... argued that the “year 5” and “year 8” inscriptions of Ramesses III at Medinet Habu were originally cut for Merneptah's mortuary temple. 46 Breasted, AR 3, no. 574. 47 Ibid., no. 601 (in the Karnak Inscription the figures T H E CAT ...
... argued that the “year 5” and “year 8” inscriptions of Ramesses III at Medinet Habu were originally cut for Merneptah's mortuary temple. 46 Breasted, AR 3, no. 574. 47 Ibid., no. 601 (in the Karnak Inscription the figures T H E CAT ...
المحتوى
8 | |
CHAPTER THREE | 33 |
CHAPTER FOUR | 48 |
CHAPTER FIVE | 73 |
CHAPTER EIGHT | 91 |
CHAPTER | 104 |
CHAPTER ELEVEN | 135 |
CHAPTER TWELVE | 164 |
CHAPTER FOURTEEN | 209 |
BIBLIOGRAPHY | 227 |
INDEX | 245 |
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Aegean Anatolia ancient appear archers argued armed army Assyria attack barbarian battle beginning carried Catastrophe chapter chariot chariotry cities corslets Cyprus destroyed destruction drought early earthquake East eastern eastern Mediterranean Egypt Egyptian enemy entirely especially Europe evidence excavations fact figure fire force fought four Greece Greek hand heads Hittite horses hundred IIIC important indicate infantry infantrymen inscriptions Iron Age Israel Italy javelins Kadesh king kingdoms Knossos known land Late Bronze Age least less Levant LH IIIB Libyans Merneptah Messenia migration military Mycenae Mycenaean noted original palace perhaps period Philistines places plate pottery present probably Pylos raiders Ramesses reason recently references reliefs result runners Sardinia seems settlement shardana shield skirmishers spear Studies suggests sword tablets texts thirteenth century thousand thrusting translation troops Troy twelfth century Type Ugarit warfare warriors weapons