Time at Emar: The Cultic Calendar and the Rituals from the Diviner's ArchiveEisenbrauns, 2000 - 352 من الصفحات The recent large-scale watershed projects in northern Syria, where the ancient city of Emar was located, have brought this area to light, thanks to salvage operation excavations before the area was submerged. Excavations at Meskeneh-Qadimeh on the great bend of the Euphrates River revealed this large town, which had been built in the late 14th century and then destroyed violently at the beginning of the 12th, at the end of the Bronze Age. In the town of Emar, ritual tablets were discovered in a temple that are demonstrated to have been recorded by the supervisor of the local cult, who was called the "diviner." This religious leader also operated a significant writing center, which focused on both administering local ritual and fostering competence in Mesopotamian lore. An archaic local calendar can be distinguished from other calendars in use at Emar, both foreign and local. A second, overlapping calendar emanated from the palace and represented a rising political force in some tension with rooted local institutions. The archaic local calendar can be partially reconstructed from one ritual text that outlines the rites performed during a period of six months. The main public rite of Emar's religious calendar was the zukru festival. This event was celebrated in a simplified annual ritual and in a more elaborate version of the ritual for seven days during every seventh year, probably serving as a pledge of loyalty to the chief god, Dagan. The Emar ritual calendar was native, in spite of various levels of outside influence, and thus offers important evidence for ancient Syrian culture. These texts are thus important for ancient Near Eastern cultic and ritual studies. Fleming's comprehensive study lays the basic groundwork for all future study of the ritual and makes a major contribution to the study of ancient Syria. |
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... columns are labeled by find spot: the Roman numerals indicate field squares and SE, SW, NE, and NW are the four quadrants within each square. Undifferentiated (Und.) tablets come from the first discovery by Ory and Paillet during their ...
... column I; the remaining column has 63 lines • 4–6 lines missing at the top of column II; the remaining column has 69 lines, through line 133 of the god list • column III is preserved only in lines 134–62, 29 visible lines, plus 39–41 ...
... column II) (Last visible line before break. Line 163 begins column IV; seventh day of feast, year 7?) (Double Ruling) Closes Part I Unwritten space of approximately 8 lines, closed with a double ruling 179 Closes the 15th of sag.mu ...
... column IV, perhaps in order to save room for administrative notes at the end. While the long first part sketches ritual procedure only to provide a frame- work for the accounting of offerings, part II mentions offerings only for orienta ...
... column II, at bottom of column III) Part II, Procession A. 15th day (= Saggaru-day), month of sag.mu, year 6; lines 169–79 B. 25th day?, month of Niqali, year 6; lines 180–85 C. Month of sag.mu, year 7; lines 186–204 (zukru festival ...