Time at Emar: The Cultic Calendar and the Rituals from the Diviner's ArchiveEisenbrauns, 2000 - 352 من الصفحات The recent large-scale watershed projects in northern Syria, where the ancient city of Emar was located, have brought this area to light, thanks to salvage operation excavations before the area was submerged. Excavations at Meskeneh-Qadimeh on the great bend of the Euphrates River revealed this large town, which had been built in the late 14th century and then destroyed violently at the beginning of the 12th, at the end of the Bronze Age. In the town of Emar, ritual tablets were discovered in a temple that are demonstrated to have been recorded by the supervisor of the local cult, who was called the "diviner." This religious leader also operated a significant writing center, which focused on both administering local ritual and fostering competence in Mesopotamian lore. An archaic local calendar can be distinguished from other calendars in use at Emar, both foreign and local. A second, overlapping calendar emanated from the palace and represented a rising political force in some tension with rooted local institutions. The archaic local calendar can be partially reconstructed from one ritual text that outlines the rites performed during a period of six months. The main public rite of Emar's religious calendar was the zukru festival. This event was celebrated in a simplified annual ritual and in a more elaborate version of the ritual for seven days during every seventh year, probably serving as a pledge of loyalty to the chief god, Dagan. The Emar ritual calendar was native, in spite of various levels of outside influence, and thus offers important evidence for ancient Syrian culture. These texts are thus important for ancient Near Eastern cultic and ritual studies. Fleming's comprehensive study lays the basic groundwork for all future study of the ritual and makes a major contribution to the study of ancient Syria. |
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... deities re- sponsible for them. This study examines the major calendar texts found at Emar in order to consider what can be known about the web of religious concerns that they represent. Emar in Syria Discovery of cuneiform writing has ...
... deity. 11 Werner refers to the similarity of various features in several Munbaqa houses, but three architectural elements of the Emar building indicate at least a modified public sacred space. 12 • The long hall has full in antis shape ...
... deity and temple cult . Many texts mention rites never previously known , and the documents themselves do not copy familiar templates . They are composed in Akkadian but evidently account for the prac- tices of Emar and its environs ...
... deities (Emar 369–535 in Arnaud's transliterations of the Akkadian texts).23 This col- lection includes at least three types of calendar-based texts. Only one text (Emar 373) treats a single event, the zukru 'festival' (Sumerian EZEN) ...
... deities and sites , at significant times through the month . Ugarit has produced similar texts in alphabetic cuneiform and in the local dialect , but there is no sign that either Ugarit or Emar borrowed a Mesopotamian paradigm . Neither ...