Time at Emar: The Cultic Calendar and the Rituals from the Diviner's ArchiveEisenbrauns, 2000 - 352 من الصفحات The recent large-scale watershed projects in northern Syria, where the ancient city of Emar was located, have brought this area to light, thanks to salvage operation excavations before the area was submerged. Excavations at Meskeneh-Qadimeh on the great bend of the Euphrates River revealed this large town, which had been built in the late 14th century and then destroyed violently at the beginning of the 12th, at the end of the Bronze Age. In the town of Emar, ritual tablets were discovered in a temple that are demonstrated to have been recorded by the supervisor of the local cult, who was called the "diviner." This religious leader also operated a significant writing center, which focused on both administering local ritual and fostering competence in Mesopotamian lore. An archaic local calendar can be distinguished from other calendars in use at Emar, both foreign and local. A second, overlapping calendar emanated from the palace and represented a rising political force in some tension with rooted local institutions. The archaic local calendar can be partially reconstructed from one ritual text that outlines the rites performed during a period of six months. The main public rite of Emar's religious calendar was the zukru festival. This event was celebrated in a simplified annual ritual and in a more elaborate version of the ritual for seven days during every seventh year, probably serving as a pledge of loyalty to the chief god, Dagan. The Emar ritual calendar was native, in spite of various levels of outside influence, and thus offers important evidence for ancient Syrian culture. These texts are thus important for ancient Near Eastern cultic and ritual studies. Fleming's comprehensive study lays the basic groundwork for all future study of the ritual and makes a major contribution to the study of ancient Syria. |
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... Season 145 The City and the Diviner 146 The Syrian Setting 150 Six Months in the Emar Ritual Calendar 152 (Zarati) 152 dnin.kur.ra 161 dAn-na 162 Mar-za- h a-ni 165 d A-dama 164 dH al-ma 168 Two Related Texts for Individual Months 173 ...
... Seasons 211 Intercalation: The Problem of Seasonal Adjustment in a Lunar Calendar 214 The Nature of Ritual Time 218 Emar in the Ancient Near East 222 Emar and Early Urban Society 222 Emar in Syria 225 Appendix Texts and Translations ...
... season and lunar cycle.19 Over time, traditional month names outlasted the priority of the rites first linked to ... seasons preceded the creation of calen- dars and continued after those calendars lost their link to living religious ...
... seasons depends on consistent 26. Marcel Sigrist , " Gestes symboliques et rituels à Emar , " in Ritual and Sacrifice in the Ancient Near East ( ed . J. Quaegebeur ; Leuven : Peeters , 1993 ) 381-410 , especially pp . 404-5 ( zukru ...
... seasons, but I cannot prove that the activities of the six-month record re- mained constant from year to year, though there is scattered evidence for general continuity. We do not have the disbursement receipts to establish the patterns ...