Measuring Innovation in OECD and Non-OECD Countries: Selected Seminar PapersWilliam Blankley HSRC Press, 2006 - 330 من الصفحات It is widely accepted that innovation is key to economic growth. Countries where research and innovation are high on the national agenda are best suited to prosper in the knowledge-based economy. Conversely, countries whose economies are mainly dependent on natural resources and basic industries tend to lack competitiveness and flexibility in adapting to changing global trends. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has long been concerned with the measurement of research and experimental development (R&D) and innovation activities. Under apartheid rule South Africa was barred from participating in OECD activities. Shortly after the advent of democracy in South Africa in 1994 the then Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology (now the Department of Science and Technology) initiated the process of applying for observer status on the OECD Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy. South Africa gained observer status in 1998. In March 2001, the Department and the OECD jointly hosted an international seminar in Pretoria on the measurement of innovation activities in OECD and non-OECD countries. This book is a collection of selected papers that were presented at the seminar by leading international and South African experts in innovation measurement. The chapters reflect various aspects of the measurement of innovation and how these measurements are applied in different countries. The volume contributes to the debate that exists between developing and developed countries on their approaches to the measurement of innovation. |
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... Technology Top 100 organisations 287 Figure 17.3 Percentage technical graduates in the top two tiers of the organisations ' decision - making structures 287 Figure 17.4 Percentage revenue generated from products 0–3 years old 288 Figure ...
... Technology Top 100 organisations 287 Figure 17.3 Percentage technical graduates in the top two tiers of the organisations ' decision - making structures 287 Figure 17.4 Percentage revenue generated from products 0–3 years old 288 Figure ...
الصفحة 281
... Technology Top 100 programme is , in its own right , an innovative attempt to reward South African organisations that have demonstrated an ability to innovate . In its simplistic form , innovation in the context of the programme ...
... Technology Top 100 programme is , in its own right , an innovative attempt to reward South African organisations that have demonstrated an ability to innovate . In its simplistic form , innovation in the context of the programme ...
الصفحة 282
Selected Seminar Papers William Blankley. Figure 17.1 Contextual framework for adjudication Technology strategy Technology ... Top 100 programme over the past nine years . The information that is ... technology , financial and other capital ...
Selected Seminar Papers William Blankley. Figure 17.1 Contextual framework for adjudication Technology strategy Technology ... Top 100 programme over the past nine years . The information that is ... technology , financial and other capital ...
الصفحة 283
... Technology Top 100 programme . The interviewing process lasts between two and three hours and provides interviewers with answers to specific questions as well as an opportunity to gain an overall impression of how the company manages ...
... Technology Top 100 programme . The interviewing process lasts between two and three hours and provides interviewers with answers to specific questions as well as an opportunity to gain an overall impression of how the company manages ...
الصفحة 284
... technology is often construed as being confined to people with a technical ... technology will have on the business . It is not necessary to have a deep ... Top 100 organisations distinguish themselves from other organisations by ...
... technology is often construed as being confined to people with a technical ... technology will have on the business . It is not necessary to have a deep ... Top 100 organisations distinguish themselves from other organisations by ...
عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
Africa analysis Argentina assessment Bogotá Central and Eastern Colombia companies comparability competitive context creativity developing countries economic effort employees engineering enterprises European Eurostat exports external factors Figure Frascati Manual Global Competitiveness Report growth identify impact important improved industry innovation data innovation expenditure innovation finance innovation indicators innovation process innovation survey data innovation surveys innovation systems innovative activities innovative firms inputs institutions interaction investment issues knowledge Latin American surveys linkages linked manufacturing sector measure n/a n/a n/a National Innovation Systems networks non-innovators OECD organisations Oslo Manual output patents percentage policy-makers problems questionnaire questions R&D expenditure Redelinghuys region relationship response role sample service sector Shaanxi share of innovative sources South African specific statistical strategies system of innovation Tanzania technical technological change technological innovation Technology Top 100 turnover variables Venezuela venture capital