Measuring Innovation in OECD and Non-OECD Countries: Selected Seminar PapersWilliam Blankley HSRC Press, 2006 - 330 من الصفحات It is widely accepted that innovation is key to economic growth. Countries where research and innovation are high on the national agenda are best suited to prosper in the knowledge-based economy. Conversely, countries whose economies are mainly dependent on natural resources and basic industries tend to lack competitiveness and flexibility in adapting to changing global trends. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has long been concerned with the measurement of research and experimental development (R&D) and innovation activities. Under apartheid rule South Africa was barred from participating in OECD activities. Shortly after the advent of democracy in South Africa in 1994 the then Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology (now the Department of Science and Technology) initiated the process of applying for observer status on the OECD Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy. South Africa gained observer status in 1998. In March 2001, the Department and the OECD jointly hosted an international seminar in Pretoria on the measurement of innovation activities in OECD and non-OECD countries. This book is a collection of selected papers that were presented at the seminar by leading international and South African experts in innovation measurement. The chapters reflect various aspects of the measurement of innovation and how these measurements are applied in different countries. The volume contributes to the debate that exists between developing and developed countries on their approaches to the measurement of innovation. |
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الصفحة v
... innovation surveys The conceptual fluidity of national innovation systems : Implications for innovation measures Mario Scerri 9 Innovation systems in emerging and developing economies 21 Jean - Eric Aubert Developing the linkage between ...
... innovation surveys The conceptual fluidity of national innovation systems : Implications for innovation measures Mario Scerri 9 Innovation systems in emerging and developing economies 21 Jean - Eric Aubert Developing the linkage between ...
الصفحة x
... innovation climate 26 Figure 2.8 Bar graph of the FDI as a percentage of GDP ( 1990-1998 ) variable corresponding to innovation climate 26 Figure 2.9 World regions with all 61 variables selected 27 Figure 2.10 Innovation systems of ...
... innovation climate 26 Figure 2.8 Bar graph of the FDI as a percentage of GDP ( 1990-1998 ) variable corresponding to innovation climate 26 Figure 2.9 World regions with all 61 variables selected 27 Figure 2.10 Innovation systems of ...
الصفحة xvii
... Innovation System in KOmparative perspective Department of Trade and Industry DACST DISKO DTI EBRD EC European Bank for Reconstruction and Development European Commission ECU European Currency Unit EEA European Economic Area ERP ...
... Innovation System in KOmparative perspective Department of Trade and Industry DACST DISKO DTI EBRD EC European Bank for Reconstruction and Development European Commission ECU European Currency Unit EEA European Economic Area ERP ...
الصفحة xviii
... innovation system New product development Organisation of American States Organisation for Economic Co - operation and Development National Committee of Technological Development , Hungary Plastics Federation of South Africa NIS NPD OAS ...
... innovation system New product development Organisation of American States Organisation for Economic Co - operation and Development National Committee of Technological Development , Hungary Plastics Federation of South Africa NIS NPD OAS ...
الصفحة 2
... innovation surveys , it is the language of neoclassical theory whose traces inevitably persist . The second precondition is ... innovation systems , to use a vague concept of ' the stage of economic development ' as the differentiating ...
... innovation surveys , it is the language of neoclassical theory whose traces inevitably persist . The second precondition is ... innovation systems , to use a vague concept of ' the stage of economic development ' as the differentiating ...
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Africa analysis Argentina assessment Bogotá Central and Eastern Colombia companies comparability competitive context creativity developing countries economic effort employees engineering enterprises European Eurostat exports external factors Figure Frascati Manual Global Competitiveness Report growth identify impact important improved industry innovation data innovation expenditure innovation finance innovation indicators innovation process innovation survey data innovation surveys innovation systems innovative activities innovative firms inputs institutions interaction investment issues knowledge Latin American surveys linkages linked manufacturing sector measure n/a n/a n/a National Innovation Systems networks non-innovators OECD organisations Oslo Manual output patents percentage policy-makers problems questionnaire questions R&D expenditure Redelinghuys region relationship response role sample service sector Shaanxi share of innovative sources South African specific statistical strategies system of innovation Tanzania technical technological change technological innovation Technology Top 100 turnover variables Venezuela venture capital