Axial Civilizations And World HistoryJ©đhann P©Łll © rnason, S. Shmuel Noah Eisenstadt, Björn Wittrock BRILL, 2005 - 573 من الصفحات The overarching theme of the book is the historical meaning of the Axial Age, commonly defined as a period of several centuries around the middle of the last millennium BCE, and its cultural innovations. The civilizational patterns that grew out of this exceptionally creative phase are a particularly rewarding theme for comparative analysis. The book contains essays on cultural transformations in Ancient Greece, Ancient Israel, Iran, India and China, as well as background developments in the core civilizations of the Ancient Near East. An introductory section deals with the history of the debate on the AxialAge, the theoretical questions that have emerged from it, and the present state of the discussion. The book will be useful for comparative historians of cultures and religions, as well as for historical sociologists interested in the comparative analysis of civilizations. It should also help linking the fields of classical, biblical and Asian studies to broader interdisciplinary debates within the humanities sciences. |
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المحتوى
Acknowledgements | 1 |
History Theory and Interpretation | 15 |
The Meaning of the Axial | 51 |
Palomars Questions The Axial Age Hypothesis European | 87 |
The Axial Age in | 107 |
Archaic Backgrounds and Axial Breakthroughs | 125 |
Axial Breakthroughs and Semantic Relocations | 133 |
Piotr Michalowski | 157 |
Clement | 295 |
On Mani and Manichaeism | 319 |
Arabia and The Heritage of the Axial | 337 |
Extending the Axial Model to South | 361 |
Axial Grammar | 369 |
Axialism and Empire | 397 |
Rethinking the Axial AgeThe Case of Chinese Culture | 451 |
A Brief Survey | 469 |
Indian and Iranian Connections | 183 |
Axial Transformations within Ancient Israelite Priesthood | 201 |
Heterodox Tendencies | 225 |
New Departures | 253 |
Late Antiquity as a Sequel and Counterpoint | 287 |
SeventeenthCentury Crisis | 509 |
527 | |
Axial Civilizations and the Axial Age Reconsidered | 531 |
List of contributors | 565 |
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عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
Ahura Mazda Akhenaten analysis ancient archaic Arnason Assmann Assyrian Avesta Axial Age Axial Age hypothesis axial breakthrough axial civilizations axial transformations basic Buddhism Cambridge central century bce China Chinese Christian civilizational concept Confucian context cosmology cultural debate developed dimensions discussion distinction divine early Egypt Eisenstadt elite emergence Empire existence formation Gathas global history grammar Greece Greek Halakha Hamvas human Ibid idea ideology imperial important India inscriptions intellectual interpretation Iranian Islam Israel Jaspers Jewish Jews Judaism Karl Jaspers king language late antiquity later Manichaean Manichaeism Mesopotamia millennium modernity monotheism mundane notion orientations original Patanjali patterns period philosophy polis political pre-axial priestly question Raaflaub radical reflexivity relationship religion religious ritual Roman Sadducees Samudragupta Sanskrit scholars Second Temple seems social societies specific sphere structures Temple texts themes theory thought tion Torah tradition transcendental University Press Vedic vision Voegelin Weber Western Yemeni Zoroaster Zoroastrianism