Serendipitous and Strategic Innovation: A Systems Approach to Managing Science-Based InnovationBloomsbury Academic, 2006 - 267 من الصفحات Innovation is a time-consuming process that involves invention as a beginning and a marketable service or product as an end. But innovation itself, once concluded, is not necessarily a constructive act as some innovations yield positive and some negative results. The way we recognize and develop innovation—so often a serendipitous and almost invisible act in its beginning—is thus a matter of primary importance in today's world where new thoughts and products play such a crucial role in economies across the globe. Nowhere is the general support structure required for success in innovation more starkly illuminated than in the fields of science and medicine, where human well-being is so manifestly at stake. |
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... capital , it represents only about 2 % of the capital market . This serves to emphasize the importance of " what ... social cultures , compared with Italy , where the main develop- ments have occurred in collaborative consortia . Social ...
... capital " ( Elvy et al . , 2001 ) , which enriches social capital and the cluster culture . The values , beliefs , and attitudes of cluster members are integral components in the development of social capital and the overall cluster ...
... social capital . The organizational level refers to the actions of firms as critical factors in the innovativeness and competitiveness of regions . This level may include large firms but is often dominated by SMEs in various stages of ...