Replicating Microfinance in the United StatesJames H. Carr, Zhong Yi Tong Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 28/06/2002 - 387 من الصفحات "With the publication of this volume, knowledge and understanding of the practices of delivering micro-credit reach a new level of consolidation, and the stage is set for important further steps."—from the Foreword by Richard P. Taub, University of Chicago Microfinance was pioneered in the developing world as the lending of small amounts of money to entrepreneurs who lacked the kinds of credentials and collateral demanded by banks. Similar practices spread from the developing to the developed world, reversing the usual direction of innovation, and today several hundred microfinance institutions are operating in the United States. Replicating Microfinace in the United States reviews experiences in both developing and industrialized countries and extends the applications of microlending beyond enterprise to consumer finance, housing finance, and community development finance, concentrating especially on previously underserved households and their communities. Contributors include Nitin Bhatt, Robert M. Buckley, Bruce Ferguson, Elinor Haider, Chi-kan Richard Hung, Sally R. Merrill, Jonathan Morduch, Gary Painter, Sohini Sarkar, Mark Schreiner, Lisa Servon, Ayse Can Talen, Shui-Yan Tang, Kenneth Temkin, Andres Vinelli, J. D. Von Pischke and Marc A. Weiss. Replicating Microfinance in the United States is based on papers commissioned by the Fannie Mae Foundation and findings from an October 2001 conference jointly held by the Fannie Mae Foundation and Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C. |
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... joint liability group members have in each other's loan . When a group member is delinquent in loan repayment , the rest of the group cannot apply for another loan or even have to repay the delinquent loan . This joint lia- bility rule ...
... joint - liability rule and regular group meet- ings . The purpose of the rule is to enhance group members ' willingness to repay their loans . In case one member is unwilling to do so , other group members have the incentive to find out ...
... Joint - Liability Rule The four developing - country and U.S. programs shared the general design principles of peer - group lending but with significant differences in some details ( see table 8.2 ) . The essence of these programs lies ...
James H. Carr, Zhong Yi Tong. Although all programs impose joint liability on group members in case one of them is delinquent , the extent of the liability varies . The strongest version of the joint - liability rule requires group ...
... Joint - liability ruleb Group trust Co - repay Coguarantee Not enforced . fund Frequency of group meeting Weekly Weekly Weekly Weekly Loan collected at Yes Yes Yes Yes group meeting Savings requiredd Maximum asset allowedd Traininge 10 ...