Replicating Microfinance in the United StatesJames H. Carr, Zhong Yi Tong Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 28/06/2002 - 387 من الصفحات "With the publication of this volume, knowledge and understanding of the practices of delivering micro-credit reach a new level of consolidation, and the stage is set for important further steps."—from the Foreword by Richard P. Taub, University of Chicago Microfinance was pioneered in the developing world as the lending of small amounts of money to entrepreneurs who lacked the kinds of credentials and collateral demanded by banks. Similar practices spread from the developing to the developed world, reversing the usual direction of innovation, and today several hundred microfinance institutions are operating in the United States. Replicating Microfinace in the United States reviews experiences in both developing and industrialized countries and extends the applications of microlending beyond enterprise to consumer finance, housing finance, and community development finance, concentrating especially on previously underserved households and their communities. Contributors include Nitin Bhatt, Robert M. Buckley, Bruce Ferguson, Elinor Haider, Chi-kan Richard Hung, Sally R. Merrill, Jonathan Morduch, Gary Painter, Sohini Sarkar, Mark Schreiner, Lisa Servon, Ayse Can Talen, Shui-Yan Tang, Kenneth Temkin, Andres Vinelli, J. D. Von Pischke and Marc A. Weiss. Replicating Microfinance in the United States is based on papers commissioned by the Fannie Mae Foundation and findings from an October 2001 conference jointly held by the Fannie Mae Foundation and Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C. |
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... repayment , the rest of the group cannot apply for another loan or even have to repay the delinquent loan . This joint lia- bility rule works in the context of other program rules to facilitate group discipline . The purpose of these ...
... repay their loans . In case one member is unwilling to do so , other group members have the incentive to find out as early as possible — ideally , when peer groups are formed ; or exert peer pressure after a group is formed and loans ...
... repay a loan , alternatively called the borrower's character risk and proj- ect risk . In these developing - country programs , the majority of borrowers had not borrowed from informal credit institutions . This can have two mean- ings ...
... repay a loan - for instance , through the history of credit card payments and their timeliness , or by requiring ... repayment and to provide incentives for group members to share the responsibility of loan screening , monitoring ...
... repay the delinquent loan . The majority of the developing - country programs use the strong version of the rule . Only one of them ( BRAC ) requires manda- tory repayment from a group's savings or trust fund in case of delinquency . In ...