Islam and the Baha'i Faith: A Comparative Study of Muhammad ‘Abduh and ‘Abdul-Baha ‘AbbasRoutledge, 25/04/2008 - 256 من الصفحات Muhammad ‘Abduh (1849-1905) was one of the key thinkers and reformers of modern Islam who has influenced both liberal and fundamentalist Muslims today. ‘Abdul-Baha (1844-1921) was the son of Baha’ullah (1817-1892), the founder of the Baha’i Faith; a new religion which began as a messianic movement in Shii Islam, before it departed from Islam. Oliver Scharbrodt offers an innovative and radically new perspective on the lives of these two major religious reformers in 19th century Middle East by placing both figures into unfamiliar terrain. While one would classify ‘Abdul-Baha, leader of a messianic movement which claims to depart from Islam, as an exponent of heresy in Islam, ‘Abduh is perceived as an orthodox Sunni reformer. This book, however, argues against the assumption that both represent two extremely opposite expressions of Islamic religiosity. It shows that both were influenced by similar intellectual and religious traditions of Islam and that both participated in the same discussions on the reform of Islam in the 19th century. Islam and the Baha'i Faith provides new insights into the Islamic background of the Baha’i Faith and into ‘Abduh’s own association with so-called heretical movements in Islam. |
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... Imam did notrequire theactual possession ofpolitical powerbut rather signifiedtheaccess toarepository of hidden knowledge which the Imam receives via divine inspiration in order toactasa channel of divineguidance forhisfollowers.13 ...
... Imams, the 'ulamā' assumed religious authority and, astheir Sunni counterparts had done before, formed the Twelver Shia as a religious sect bycompiling traditions attributedto the Imams and developing Shii jurisprudence and theology ...
... Imams offered charismatic and messianic authority that allowed thecontinuationof divine communication with humanity. Furthermore, Ismaili thoughtwas moreopentowards rationalismand the Greek philosophical heritageand therefore ...
... Imams and thecumulative natureofthis guidance which increases religious knowledge over time, according to esotericstrands of Shiism in particular, the mandate of theShii Mahdi isless restricted: His return to the prophetic ageofIslam is ...
... Imams from among the descendents of the Prophet, and Sufism with its notion that certainindividuals entertain a closerrelationship withGod. In contrasttothe acquiredknowledge ofthe these individuals possess intuitiveknowledge ...
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